abstract：BACKGROUND:Porcine sapovirus was first identified in the United States in 1980, hitherto, several Asian countries have detected this virus. In 2008, the first outbreak of gastroenteritis in piglets caused by porcine sapovirus in China was reported. The complete genome of the identified SaV strain Ch-sw-sav1 was sequenc...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Yang S,Zhang W,Shen Q,Huang F,Wang Y,Zhu J,Cui L,Yang Z,Hua X

更新日期：2009-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Influenza A virus genomes are comprised of 8 negative strand single-stranded RNA segments and are thought to encode 11 proteins, which are all translated from mRNAs complementary to the genomic strands. Although human, swine and avian influenza A viruses are very similar, cross-species infections are usually...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Clifford M,Twigg J,Upton C

更新日期：2009-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Panicum streak virus (PanSV; Family Geminiviridae; Genus Mastrevirus) is a close relative of Maize streak virus (MSV), the most serious viral threat to maize production in Africa. PanSV and MSV have the same leafhopper vector species, largely overlapping natural host ranges and similar geographical distribut...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Varsani A,Monjane AL,Donaldson L,Oluwafemi S,Zinga I,Komba EK,Plakoutene D,Mandakombo N,Mboukoulida J,Semballa S,Briddon RW,Markham PG,Lett JM,Lefeuvre P,Rybicki EP,Martin DP

更新日期：2009-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to improve the presentation and immunogenicity of single epitopes, virus-like particles (VLPs) are being used as platforms for the display of foreing epitopes on their surface. The rotavirus major capsid protein VP6 has the ability to self-assemble into empty non-infectious VLPs. In the present study, we anal...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Peralta A,Molinari P,Taboga O

更新日期：2009-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The European swine influenza viruses (SIVs) show considerable diversity comprising different types of H1N1, H3N2, and H1N2 strains. The intensifying full genome sequencing efforts reveal further reassortants within these subtypes. Here we report the identification of an uncommon reassortant variant of H1N2 subtype inf...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Bálint A,Metreveli G,Widén F,Zohari S,Berg M,Isaksson M,Renström LH,Wallgren P,Belák S,Segall T,Kiss I

更新日期：2009-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombination is known to play a role in the ability of various viruses to acquire sequence diversity. We consequently examined all available West Nile virus (WNV) whole genome sequences both phylogenetically and with a variety of computational recombination detection algorithms. We found that the number of distinct l...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Pickett BE,Lefkowitz EJ

更新日期：2009-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is quite different in regions of Europe (biennial epidemics in alternating cycles of approximately 9 and 15 months) than in the Western Hemisphere (annual epidemics). In order to determine if these differences are accounted for by the circulation of d...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Mlinaric-Galinovic G,Vojnovic G,Cepin-Bogovic J,Bace A,Bozikov J,Welliver RC,Wahn U,Cebalo L

更新日期：2009-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:During the outbreak of SARS in 2002/3, a prototype virus was isolated from a patient in Frankfurt/Germany (strain Frankfurt-1). As opposed to all other SARS-Coronavirus strains, Frankfurt-1 has a 45-nucleotide deletion in the transmembrane domain of its ORF 7b protein. When over-expressed in HEK 293 cells, the full-le...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Pfefferle S,Krähling V,Ditt V,Grywna K,Mühlberger E,Drosten C

更新日期：2009-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an improvement of an earlier reported real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of enterovirus RNA, based on the 5' exonuclease digestion of a dual-labeled fluorogenic probe by Taq DNA polymerase. A different extraction method, real-time RT-PCR instrument and primer set were evaluated. Our data show that th...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Piqueur MA,Verstrepen WA,Bruynseels P,Mertens AH

更新日期：2009-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recombinant Salmonella vaccine vectors may potentially be used to induce specific CD4+ T cell responses against foreign viral antigens. Such immune responses are required features of vaccines against pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The aim of this study was to investigate the i...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Chin'ombe N,Bourn WR,Williamson AL,Shephard EG

更新日期：2009-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The viral genome of hepatitis C virus constitutes a 9.6-kb single-stranded positive-sense RNA which encodes altogether 11 viral proteins. In order to study the humoral immune responses against different HCV proteins in patients suffering from chronic HCV infection, we produced three structural (core, E1 and ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Sillanpää M,Melén K,Porkka P,Fagerlund R,Nevalainen K,Lappalainen M,Julkunen I

更新日期：2009-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Entry of Ebolavirus to the target cells is mediated by the viral glycoprotein GP. The native GP exists as a homotrimer on the virions and contains two subunits, a surface subunit (GP1) that is involved in receptor binding and a transmembrane subunit (GP2) that mediates the virus-host membrane fusion. Previou...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Manicassamy B,Rong L

更新日期：2009-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early in infection, the genome of the influenza A virus, consisting of eight complexes of RNA and proteins (termed viral ribonucleoproteins; vRNPs), enters the nucleus of infected cells for replication. Incoming vRNPs are imported into the nucleus of infected cells using at least two nuclear localization seq...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Wu WW,Panté N

更新日期：2009-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Influenza A virus infects not only humans, but also other species including avian and swine. If a novel influenza A subtype acquires the ability to spread between humans efficiently, it could cause the next pandemic. Therefore it is necessary to understand the evolutionary processes of influenza A viruses in...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Furuse Y,Suzuki A,Kamigaki T,Oshitani H

更新日期：2009-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a betaherpesvirus that causes severe disease in situations where the immune system is immature or compromised. HCMV immediate early (IE) gene expression is stimulated by the virion phosphoprotein pp71, encoded by open reading frame (ORF) UL82, and this transactivation activity...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Nicholson IP,Sutherland JS,Chaudry TN,Blewett EL,Barry PA,Nicholl MJ,Preston CM

更新日期：2009-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The broad enforcement of active surveillance for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in 2000 led to the discovery of previously unnoticed, atypical BSE phenotypes in aged cattle that differed from classical BSE (C-type) in biochemical properties of the pathological prion protein. Depending on the molecula...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Tester S,Juillerat V,Doherr MG,Haase B,Polak M,Ehrensperger F,Leeb T,Zurbriggen A,Seuberlich T

更新日期：2009-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine circoviruses are circular single-stranded DNA viruses that infect swine and wild boars. Two species of porcine circoviruses exist. Porcine circovirus type 1 is non pathogenic contrary to porcine circovirus type 2 which is associated with the disease known as Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome. Porcine...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Faurez F,Dory D,Grasland B,Jestin A

更新日期：2009-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The triple-gene-block protein 2 (TGBp2) of Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) is a transmembrane protein which was proposed to be involved in viral RNA binding during virus transport. Here, we report on the RNA-binding properties of TGBp2. Using tyrosine fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-crosslinking assays, the TGBp2 solubili...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Hsu HT,Tseng YH,Chou YL,Su SH,Hsu YH,Chang BY

更新日期：2009-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human cytomegalovirus infection is associated with a variety of pathological conditions including retinitis, pneumonia, hepatitis and encephalitis that may be transmitted congenitally, horizontally and parenterally and occurs both as a primary infection and as reactivation in immunocompromised individuals. C...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Burbelo PD,Issa AT,Ching KH,Exner M,Drew WL,Alter HJ,Iadarola MJ

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is one of the most common viral sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The first time infection of the mother may lead to severe illness in pregnancy and may be associated with virus transmission from mother to foetus/newborn. Since the incidence of this sexually transmitted infe...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Anzivino E,Fioriti D,Mischitelli M,Bellizzi A,Barucca V,Chiarini F,Pietropaolo V

更新日期：2009-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have characterised a new highly divergent geminivirus species, Eragrostis curvula streak virus (ECSV), found infecting a hardy perennial South African wild grass. ECSV represents a new genus-level geminivirus lineage, and has a mixture of features normally associated with other specific geminivirus genera...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Varsani A,Shepherd DN,Dent K,Monjane AL,Rybicki EP,Martin DP

更新日期：2009-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Construction of conditionally-replicative Adenovirus (CRAd) is complex and time-consuming. While homologous recombination (HR) using a two-plasmid system in bacteria is commonly used to generate CRAds, alternative methods may be required when HR fails. Previously, in vitro ligation has been suggested to faci...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Haviv YS

更新日期：2009-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier, we detected viral RNAs packaged in the porcine adenovirus (PAdV) -3 virions. Using Southern blot analysis, we further demonstrated that the viral RNAs were predominantly packaged in CsCl purified mature capsids (containing viral genome) than empty/intermediate capsids. Some of the packaged viral RNAs appear t...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Xing L,Tikoo SK

更新日期：2009-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes the prevalence of culture-positive adenovirus serotypes in culture-positive respiratory specimens sent to the Central Public Health Laboratory, Toronto, Ontario, Canada for the period September 2007-June 2008. Total nucleic acid was extracted from virus cultures using an automated extraction metho...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Yeung R,Eshaghi A,Lombos E,Blair J,Mazzulli T,Burton L,Drews SJ

更新日期：2009-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The I5L gene is one of approximately 90 genes that are conserved throughout the chordopoxvirus family, and hence are presumed to play vital roles in the poxvirus life cycle. Previous work had indicated that the VP13 protein, a component of the virion membrane, was encoded by the I5L gene, but no additional studies had...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Unger B,Nichols RJ,Stanitsa ES,Traktman P

更新日期：2008-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA recombination is one of the two major factors that create RNA genome variability. Assessing its incidence in plant RNA viruses helps understand the formation of new isolates and evaluate the effectiveness of crop protection strategies. To search for recombination in Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), the causal agent of ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Gagarinova AG,Babu M,Strömvik MV,Wang A

更新日期：2008-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cotton blue disease (CBD), an important global cotton crop pathology responsible for major economic losses, is prevalent in the major cotton-producing states of Brazil. Typical CBD symptoms include stunting due to internodal shortening, leaf rolling, intense green foliage, and yellowing veins. Atypical CBD s...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Silva TF,Corrêa RL,Castilho Y,Silvie P,Bélot JL,Vaslin MF

更新日期：2008-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In Europe, the north-south downhill cline frequency of the chemokine receptor CCR5 allele with a 32-bp deletion (CCR5-Delta32) raises interesting questions for evolutionary biologists. We had suggested first that, in the past, the European colonizers, principally Romans, might have been instrumental of a pro...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Faure E

更新日期：2008-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral pathogen associated with bronchiolitis and lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. The respiratory epithelium is the primary initiator of pulmonary inflammation in RSV infections, which cause significant perturbations of ...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Zhao D,Peng D,Li L,Zhang Q,Zhang C

更新日期：2008-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV infection of cells varies greatly between individuals, with multiple steps in the replication cycle potentially contributing to the variability. Although entry and post-entry variability of HIV infection levels in cells has been demonstrated, variability in HIV binding has not been examined. In this stud...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Anzinger JJ,Olinger GG,Spear GT

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV expressed in genital secretions provides the inoculum from which transmitting variants are selected, both in sexual transmission and mother-to-infant transmission during partuition. Characterization of HIV levels and genotypes found in vaginal secretions and the impact of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on this viru...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Randolph TC,Kissinger PJ,Clark RA,Lacour N,Amedee AM

更新日期：2008-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Presumptive phage particles associated with Xylella fastidiosa strain Temecula-1 grown in PW broth were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in ultrathin sections of bacterial cell-containing low speed centrifugation pellets and in partially purified preparations from CsCl equilibrium centrifugation dens...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Chen J,Civerolo EL

更新日期：2008-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The global spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has stimulated interest in a better understanding of the mechanisms of H5N1 dispersal, including the potential role of migratory birds as carriers. Although wild birds have been found dead during H5N1 outbreaks, evidence suggests that othe...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Ip HS,Flint PL,Franson JC,Dusek RJ,Derksen DV,Gill RE Jr,Ely CR,Pearce JM,Lanctot RB,Matsuoka SM,Irons DB,Fischer JB,Oates RM,Petersen MR,Fondell TF,Rocque DA,Pedersen JC,Rothe TC

更新日期：2008-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A variety of interactions between up to three different movement proteins (MPs), the coat protein (CP) and genomic DNA mediate the inter- and intra-cellular movement of geminiviruses in the genus Begomovirus. Although movement of viruses in the genus Mastrevirus is less well characterized, direct interaction...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： van der Walt E,Palmer KE,Martin DP,Rybicki EP

更新日期：2008-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the genus Cypovirus (family Reoviridae) are common pathogens of insects. These viruses have linear dsRNA genomes divided into 10-11 segments, which have generally been assumed to be monocistronic. Here, bioinformatic evidence is presented for a short overlapping coding sequence (CDS) in the cypovirus genome...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Firth AE,Atkins JF

更新日期：2008-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Open reading frame 58 (ORF58) of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) lies at the 3'end of the Unique long (UL) region and its functional is unknown. In order to clarify whether ORF58 is essential for the growth of VZV, we constructed a deletion mutant of ORF58 (pOka-BACDelta58) from the Oka parental genome cloned i...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Yoshii H,Sadaoka K,Matsuura M,Nagaike K,Takahashi M,Yamanishi K,Mori Y

更新日期：2008-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The genus Orbivirus includes several species that infect livestock - including Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV). These viruses have linear dsRNA genomes divided into ten segments, all of which have previously been assumed to be monocistronic. RESULTS:Bioinformatic evidence is p...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Firth AE

更新日期：2008-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes two transmembrane glycoproteins E1 and E2 which form a heterodimer. E1 is believed to mediate fusion while E2 has been shown to bind cellular receptors including CD81. In this study, alanine substitutions in E2 were generated within putative CD81 binding regions to define resi...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Rothwangl KB,Manicassamy B,Uprichard SL,Rong L

更新日期：2008-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Hairpin RNAs have been used to confer resistance to viruses in plants through RNA silencing. However, it has not been demonstrated that RNA silencing was effective against inoculation by aphids of non-persistently transmitted viruses, the major route of plant virus spread in nature. As a proof-of-principle strategy, w...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Vargas M,Martínez-García B,Díaz-Ruíz JR,Tenllado F

更新日期：2008-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) is characterized by a high efficiency of homo-polymers formation, however their antigenic structure is still incompletely known. Herein, we report that RNase-resistant intracellular NP homo-polymers have a highly ordered conformational antigenic epitope, which depends o...

journal_title：Virology journal

authors： Prokudina EN,Semenova N,Chumakov V,Stitz L

更新日期：2008-02-29 00:00:00